After Ajax: The Extended History

Strabo, Apollodorus, Herodotus, and a third century inscription discovered at Ozontian Locris called the Maiden Inscription indicate after the sin of Ajax the women of Oilean Locris were sent to Troy for a thousand years. This story was not told by Homer whose missing account needs to be explained due to his repute in regards to the Trojan War But, as Apollodorus and Strabo state, the practice of sending maidens was continued on a yearly basis until the end of the Phocian War. 




Strab. 13.1.40

[40] λέγουσι δ᾽ οἱ νῦν Ἰλιεῖς καὶ τοῦτο ὡς οὐδὲ τελέως ἠφανίσθαισυνέβαινεν τὴν πόλιν κατὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν ὑπὸ [p. 841] τῶν Ἀχαιῶν,οὐδ᾽ ἐξελείφθη οὐδέποτεαἱ γοῦν Λοκρίδες παρθένοι μικρὸνὕστερον ἀρξάμεναι ἐπέμποντο κατ᾽ ἔτοςκαὶ ταῦτα δ᾽ οὐχὉμηρικάοὐδὲ γὰρ τῆς Κασάνδρας φθορὰν οἶδεν Ὅμηροςἀλλ᾽ ὅτιμὲν παρθένος ἦν ὑπ᾽ ἐκεῖνον τὸν χρόνον λέγει “ πέφνε γὰρὈθρυονῆαΚαβησόθεν ἔνδον ἐόντα,
ὅς ῥα νέον πτολέμοιο μετὰ κλέος εἰληλούθει.
ᾔτεε δὲ Πριάμοιο θυγατρῶν εἶδος ἀρίστην,
Κασσάνδρηνἀνάεδνον.
βίας δὲ οὐδὲ μέμνηταιοὐδ᾽ ὅτι  φθορὰ τοῦ Αἴαντος ἐν τῇναυαγίᾳ κατὰ μῆνιν Ἀθηνᾶς συνέβη  κατὰ τοιαύτην αἰτίανἀλλ᾽ἀπεχθανόμενον μὲν τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ κατὰ τὸ κοινὸν εἴρηκεν (ἁπάντωνγὰρ εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν ἀσεβησάντων ἅπασιν ἐμήνιεν), ἀπολέσθαι δὲ ὑπὸΠοσειδῶνος μεγαλορρημονήσαντατὰς δὲ Λοκρίδας πεμφθῆναιΠερσῶν ἤδη κρατούντων συνέβη.

Source: Perseus


The present Ilienses affirm that the city was not entirely demolished when it was taken by the Achaeans, nor at any time deserted. The Locrian virgins began to be sent there, as was the custom every year, a short time afterwards. This however is not told by Homer. Nor was Homer acquainted with the violation of Cassandra, but says that she was a virgin about that time: “‘He slew Othryoneus, who had lately come to the war from Cabesus, induced by the glory of the contest, and who sought in marriage the most beautiful of the daughters of Priam, Cassandra, without a dower.’” He does not mention any force having been used, nor does he attribute the death of Ajax by shipwreck to the wrath of Minerva, nor to any similar cause, but says, in general terms, that he was an object of hatred to Minerva, (for she was incensed against all who had profaned her temple,) and that Ajax died by the agency of Neptune for his boasting speeches.  The Locrian virgins were sent there when the Persians were masters of the country. Poets and mythologists subsequent to Homer supposed Cassandra, the daughter of Priam, to have been violated by Ajax, the Locrian; that as a punishment for his crime this hero perished by shipwreck on his return from Troy, and that three years afterwards Locris was visited by a famine, which occasioned great destruction to the inhabitants. The oracle consulted on the occasion of this calamity advised the Locrians to send annually to Minerva of Ilium two young women chosen by lot. They obeyed and continued to send them for 1000 years, until the time of the sacred war.





Apollod. Epit. E.6.20-22

Λοκροὶ δὲ μόλις τὴν ἑαυτῶν καταλαβόντεςἐπεὶ μετὰ τρίτον ἔτος τὴν Λοκρίδα κατέσχε φθοράδέχονται χρησμὸν ἐξιλάσασθαι τὴ νἐν Ἰλίῳ Ἀθηνᾶν καὶ δύο παρθένους πέμπειν ἱκέτιδας ἐπὶ ἔτη χίλιακαὶ λαγχάνουσι πρῶται Περίβοια καὶ Κλεοπάτρα[21] αὗται δὲ εἰς Τροίαν ἀφικόμεναιδιωκόμεναι παρὰ τῶν ἐγχωρίων εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν κατέρχονταικαὶ τῇ μὲν θεᾷ οὐ προσήρχοντοτὸ δὲ ἱερὸν ἔσαιρόντε καὶ ἔρραινονἐκτὸς δὲ τοῦ νεὼ οὐκ ἐξῄεσανκεκαρμέναι δὲ ἦσανκαὶ μονοχίτωνεσκαὶ ἀνυπόδετοι[22] τῶν δὲ πρώτων ἀποθανουσῶν ἄλλας ἔπεμπονεἰσῄεσαν δὲ εἰς τὴν πόλιν νύκτωρἵνα μὴ φανεῖσαι τοῦ τεμένους ἔξω φονευθῶσιμετέπειτα δὲ βρέφη μετὰ τροφῶν ἔπεμπονχιλίων δὲ ἐτῶν παρελθόντων μετὰ τὸν Φωκικὸν πόλεμον ἱκέτιδας ἐπαύσαντο πέμποντες.

Source: Perseus


The Locrians retaking the the city as their own, since after three years the plague held the Locrians, they received an oracle to propitiate Athena in Ilium and to send two maidens suppliants for a thousand years. And the first ones obtained by lot were Periboia and Kleopatra. These women arrived at Troy, being sought after by the inhabitants while going to the temple: and they did not approach at the goddess, she swept and sprinkled the temple. They did not go outside the temple, their hair was cropped short. Upon the first dying others were sent: they entered into the city by night, in order not to be seen outside the sacred precinct, they should be killed: afterwards they sent a babe in the womb with support. After a thousand years passed with Phocian War the sending of suppliants stopped.



Herodotus VII.42.

ἐποιέετο δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ἐκ τῆς Λυδίης  στρατὸς ἐπί τε ποταμὸν Κάικον καὶ γῆν τὴν Μυσίην, ἀπὸ δὲ Καΐκου ὁρμώμενος, Κάνης ὄροςἔχων ἐν ἀριστερῇ, διὰ τοῦ Ἀταρνέος ἐς Καρήνην πόλιν: ἀπὸ δὲ ταύτης διὰ Θήβης πεδίου ἐπορεύετο, Ἀδραμύττειόν τε πόλιν καὶ Ἄντανδρον τὴν Πελασγίδα παραμειβόμενος. [2] τὴν Ἴδην δὲ λαβὼν ἐς ἀριστερὴν χεῖρα ἤιε ἐς τὴν Ἰλιάδα γῆν. καὶ πρῶτα μέν οἱ ὑπὸ τῇ Ἴδῃ νύκτα ἀναμείναντι βρονταί τε καὶ πρηστῆρες ἐπεσπίπτουσι καί τινα αὐτοῦ ταύτῃ συχνὸν ὅμιλον διέφθειραν.
Source: Perseus

The army made its way from Ludios to the river Kaikon and land of Musia, from the Kaikon they set in motion, the mountain Kanos being on the left, through the Atarneos to the city Karenen: from this city through Theban road the army marched, though the city of Adramutteion and the city of Antandron of the Pelasgians it passed over. Taking Ida on the left hand they went to the land of Ilium. And at first they remained by Ida at night the thunder and the hurricane fell down and some of them in this large crowd were killed.



IG IX.1² 3:706 (The Maidens Inscription)

                    ἀγαθᾶι τ[ύχαι].
2
ἐπὶ τοῖσδε Αἰάντειοι καὶ ἁ πόλις Ναρυκαίων Λοκροῖς ἀνεδέξαντο τὰς κόρα[ς πέμψειν· εἶμεν Αἰαντείους ἀσύλους]
[κ]αὶ ἀρυσίους καὶ πολέμου καὶ εἰρήνας καὶ ἐφ’ αἵματι μὴ ἐπικωλύειν καὶ προδικία[ν αὐτοῖς διδόμεν, αἴ τί κα ἀδικέωνται],
καὶ αὐτᾶι τᾶι πόλει· ξενίων μὴ ἀπελαθῆμεν κατὰ ξενίας ἐλθόντα ἀπὸ δαμοσίο[υ Ναρυκαίων· αἰ δέ κα ἀπελαθῆι, δεκαπέν]-
5
τε δραχμὰς τὸν ἄρχοντα ἀποτείσαι· αἰ δὲ δίκαι ἁλοίη ὁ ἄρχων, τριάκοντα δραχμὰ[ς ἀποτεισάτω· τὸν δὲ τὰν δίκαν ἐπιφέ]-
ροντα κατὰ ξενίαν ἀζάμιον εἶμεν· αἰ τῶν Αἰαντείων ῥυσιάζοι καταειδώς, τριάκο[ντα στατῆρας ἀποτεισάτω καὶ τοὶ ἄρ]-
[χ]οντες τὰ ῥυσιαχθέντα ἀμπράξαντες ἀποδόντω αὐθαμερὸν ἢ τᾶι ὑστεραίαι· εἰ δ[ὲ μὴ ἀμπράξαιεν ἢ μὴ ἀποδοῖεν, τὸ δι]-
[π]λοῦν ἀποτεισάντω. αἰ δὲ τῶν Αἰαντείων καταδήσαι ἀδίκως ἢ ἔρξαι, ἑκατὸν στατῆρ[ας ἀποτεισάτω τᾶς ἁμέρας ἑκάστας]
καὶ τᾶς νυκτὸς ἄλλους ἑκάστας, ἕντε κα ἀφῇ· τροφεῖα τοῖς γονεῦσι τᾶν κορᾶν ἑκατέρ[ας ․․․․c.13․․․․․ διδόμεν καὶ τοῖν]
10
κόραιν ἑκατέραι πεντεκαίδεκα μνᾶς ἐν κόσμον καὶ τροφὰν παρέχειν, ἔντε κα [․․․c.11․․․․ τῶν Αἰαντείων ἀπολυτρω]-
θῆμεν ἐμ πολεμίους ἁλόντα· οἰκίας Θήμωνος κατακαείσας, ὁποίας κα τᾶι πόλε[ι ․․․․․c.14․․․․․ ἀνοικοδομηθῆμεν]·
παντεῖ Λοκρῶν, Αἰαντείων εἰ τίς κα ἐλ Λοκροῖς οἰκεῖν δείληται, ἀτέλειαν εἶμεν καθ[ὼς ․․․․․․c.17․․․․․․․ μετοχὰν τᾶν]
θοινᾶν εἶμεν τοῖς Αἰαντείοις, εἶμεν πάντοις, καὶ τῶι ἱερεῖ τὰ δέρματα ἀποδιδόμεν καὶ τὰ [σκέλεα καὶ τἆλλα γέρεα· παναγυρίζειν
δὲ τοὺς Λοκροὺς πάντας τᾶι Λοκρίδι Αἰαντίαι ἐν Ναρύκαι· ἀγωνοθέτας δὲ εἶμεν Ναρυκα[ίους ․․․c.10․․․ ἐμ πολέμωι Αἰαντεί]-
15
ους παῖδας ὁμήρους μὴ δόμεν ἀέκοντας· ἐν τὰς κόρας Ναρυκαίοις ἀτέλειαν εἶμεν τᾶς ἐμ [πόλεμον ἱπποτροφίας καὶ εἰσφορᾶς]·
εἰ δέ τίς κα ἀνακκάζηι τρέφειν ἵππους ἢ ὁμήρους παῖδας διδόμεν, τοὺς Λοκροὺς τὰς δαπάνα̣ς̣ [Ναρυκαίοις δόμεν· ἁ δὲ πόλις Ναρυ]-
καίων μὴ πεμψάτω ὅμηρα τῶν Αἰαντίων μηθένα· δίκαν τὸν ἄρχοντα δόμεν ἁμερᾶν τριῶ[ν τῶν Αἰαντείων τῶι ἐγκαλέσαντι]
καὶ ἐκκπρᾶξαι δέχ’ ἁμερᾶν τὸ κατὰ ξένον· μὴ ἀπογνῶμεν μάρτυρα παρεχόμεν[ον ἀ]ξιόχρ[ειον· αἴ τίς κα ἀμφιλλέγηι δίκας τᾶς]
πρότερον, τὰν δίκαν εἶμεν ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖς· ἇ κα ἁλῶι τὸ μαρτύρ[ιον ψευδέ]ς̣, ἔ̣[στω ἁ δίκα ἀτελὴς καὶ ὁ μάρτυς ἐν ἐφ]-
20
[ι]ορκίαι ἐχέστω καὶ ἀποτεισάτω διπλόαν τὰν δίκαν. αἰ δέ κα μὴ πράξῃ ὁ ἄ̣ρ̣[χων, Αἰάντειοι αὐτὸν πρᾶξαι τὸν ἑλόντα ἀνει]-
πάντω, ὅντινά κα λάβῃ τῶν ἐκ τᾶς πόλιος, ἐξ ἇς κα τὸ ἔκκλημα ᾖ· τᾶι δί[και δικαστὰς αἱρεῖσθαι — — — — — — — — — — — — — —]
ον τριακοντοδράχμου ἕνδεκα ἄνδρας, ἐν δὲ Ναρύκαι ἐξ ἁπάντων̣ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
ηι δικάζειν τοῖν κόραιν, ἐπιδικῆσαι τοῖν πρόσθ[ε]ν κὰτ τὸ δυν[ατὸν — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — τοὺς ἄρχοντας Ναρυ]-
[κ]αίων δίκαν δόμεν κὰτ ταὐτὰ καὶ ἐκπρᾶξαι. ὅρκος· ἐπὶ το[ύτοις — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ἐν τᾶι]
25
συνθήκαι καὶ ἐν τοῖς ὅρκοις· εὐορκεόντοις πολλ[ὰ καὶ ἀγαθά, ἐφιορκεόντοις δὲ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ὀμόσαι ἄν]-
δρας πεντήκοντα πλουτίνδαν ὀμν[ύοντας τὸν νόμιμον ὅρκον — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —]
κόραν τὰν πεμφθεῖσαν̣ — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 

B.1
Περικυμασίων·
Νικαγόρας Κλε[ω]-
νύμου, Εὐξενί-
δας Τιμοκρίτ[ου],
5
Λύσων Τιμοσθέ-
νεος, Τιμοκρά-
της Ἀγάθωνο[ς],
Δάμων Μίκκω-
νος, Καλλίδα-
10
μος Ἀπολλοδώ-
ρου, Δαμόχαρις
Δάμωνος, Μενε-
κράτης Πυρρία,
Κρίτων Μαχάτα.
15
Ἠ̣ασσίων· Πατρέ-
ας Δαμοκρίτου, Ἀ-
ριστοκλῆς Ἀριστ-
ωνύμου, Ἀμύντ[ι]-
χος Ἁρμοξένου,
20
Θέων Θεομνά-
στου, Ἀρχέβιος
Ξενέα, Δικαιο-
μένης Εὐπαθ[ί]-
ωνος, Εὐθέας Εὐ-
25
θυμίδα, Εὐαρχ[ί]-
δας Σάμου, Μί-
․ων Ἀγήνορ̣[ος]
Source: Packhum